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Robotic Process Automation — Introduction Robotic Process Automation RPA is a software program that imitates human actions while interacting with a computer application and accomplishing automation of repetitive, rule- based processes.

This chapter will give a brief historical evaluation and introduction to RPA. You will also understand when and why to choose RPA. What is RPA? Robotic Process Automation RPA is the technology that allows the automation of the task in exactly the way how a human does. A robot in robotic process automation does not mean that literally robots are going to replace human beings, but it means a computer program that imitates human actions. In other words, we can say that RPA is a software program that imitates human actions while interacting with a computer application and accomplishing the automation of repetitive and rule-based processes.

RPA can be used to automate the labor intensive tasks such as back office processes, data entry, data validation etc. Historic Evaluation Robotic process automation proves itself as a game changing technology.

Yet a very common topic of debate among automation community is whether RPA is a new development or it should be seen simply as an extension of the technologies that came before it. For better understanding, we need to study the following three key predecessors of RPA: Screen Scraping Software A screen scraping software is meant to scan large sets of static information or other visual representation of data to pull key terms, integers or other important analytics.

Even RPA is integrating screen scraping capabilities into a larger suite of functions. Workflow Automation and Management Tools As the name suggests, such tools can help in order processing by capturing customer contact information, invoice total as well as item ordered.

They even translate these details into our company database and notify the corresponding employee too. Such tools eliminate manual data entry. Even RPA is integrating its work automation tool capabilities into a larger suite of functions. Artificial Intelligence As we know that AI is the capability of computer systems to perform tasks that normally require human intervention and intelligence. All of the above three advancements in automation were significant in one or other sense but what makes RPA an impactful technology is its ability to combine, refine certain aspects of each of these technologies.

Why RPA? But due to lack of updating, these technical processes cannot help business at required extent. Why challenging, because with any change in business process, enterprises either need to hire new employees or train its existing ones. Both solutions are costly as well as time consuming.

Another solution is RPA with which company can deploy virtual workers imitating human workers. Now if any change happens, only change in few software code lines would be required which is much cheaper and faster solution than hiring employees.

RPA is wizard-driven and does not require any coding skills. On the other hand, RPA can automate products as well as service.

On the other hand, the examples of RPA are data entry, forms, loan processing etc. The above differences prove that RPA is an advanced approach that provides better assistance to test automation. This is not true because a non-technical person can easily use it.

Human supervision is not required at all The myth that RPA software does not require human supervision at all, is not true. Humans are needed to program as well feeding the task to the bots. It is the cup of tea of only big organizations Many people think that RPA can be deployed and use by large companies only but this is also not true.

Small to medium-sized organizations can deploy RPA to automate the business. How RPA Works? RPA can execute necessary tasks, which are generally repetitive and rule-based, much better than humans. But here the question that how RPA works will arise. RPA bots transform back office by interacting with the user interface of a computer system just like humans.

It works with any existing application and carries structured processes automatically. RPA is code free and user friendly and hence does not require additional software development or IT specialists for its working. In simple words, we can say that RPA works using demonstrative steps. RPA Implementation For implementing RPA, a software-based technique, software robots or virtual assistants or bots are created that can perform the processes like accounting, finance, management, data entry etc.

It helps organizations to automate processes efficiently. It helps to integrate desktop applications. WorkFusion It is another robotic process automation tool which provides AI-powered platform to automate operations. As we have seen there are lots of tools for RPA but the big question is that which tool to choose. Followings are some parameters which must be considered before selecting RPA tool: Technology The most important parameter to check is the technology say Microsoft.

The tool has to be platform independent so that the automation solutions support any application. Data Data is another important parameter.

We must choose the tool that makes easy to read and write business data into multiple systems. Interoperability As discussed, toll must be platform independent and work across multiple applications. Ease of management Another important parameter is how easily and effectively robots can be managed. The tool must have high level of control and visibility. Type of tasks The type of tasks, whether rule-based or knowledge-based, that can be configured by RPA tool is another important parameter to be taken care while selecting the tool.

Security Security is one more important parameter to consider. As we know that RPA is a piece of software, how much security controls can be implemented is a factor to be considered. We have also seen some basic concepts about RPA implementation. This chapter will explain key basics of UiPath and the related concepts. Introduction Many enterprises are adopting digital methods for their operation because they understood that future lies in routine operation being fully automated.

Speed of execution and accuracy are the two biggest advantages of digitization. On the other side, right tool and skilled manpower are the two biggest challenges of digitization. That is why industry was looking for a fast and reliable solution which they got in the form of RPA tool named UiPath.

What is UiPath? UiPath is a Robotic process automation tool used for Windows desktop automation. It is used to automate boring repetitive tasks. It also eliminates the human intervention.

With drag and drop functionality for all activities, it is the simplest RPA tool. Why UiPath? There are lots of tools for robotic process automation, however UiPath is the most popular among them.

Intuitive Working with UiPath and creating robots is very instinctive because it uses drag and drop and flowchart activities. It is very easy to learn too. Security UiPath also offers high level security because we can store and encrypt the credentials on the centralized server. It has special recorders for desktop apps, Citrix environment and terminal emulators which makes creating automation much faster and precise.

Intuitiv Extensive Universal Recording Third-Party e Library Search feature Licensing Universal Search It is having universal search feature which allows us to perform single search for all automation resources like libraries, activities, projects and workflows. Powerful Debugging UiPath offers its user a very powerful debugging which is very intuitive and flexible.

We can also re-use the workflow. Third-party Integration UiPath also provide third party integration facility. Server-Based Licensing Uipath allows server-based licensing which makes licensing process centralized and easy to use. It allows us to use recorders, drag and drop widgets to model our robotic processes. UiPath Robot The job of UiPath robots is to take over once you are done with the designing of processes in studio and executing all the processes with perfect accuracy.

UiPath Orchestrator It is a browser based server application that helps us to deploy, schedule, monitor, manage robot and processes. It is a centralized platform and hence responsible for managing the robots. Step3: Now, click the button for requesting community edition.

Step 4: Next, you will get a link in your email id. Click that for downloading UiPath. It will download an exe file on your computer.

Step 5: Now in order to install run the exe file named UiPathStudio. Here we are using free community edition so click on Start Free option. After clicking, we will get the following screen: It will verify our credentials such as email id and device ID. It will auto detect your device id. You only need to fill your email id and click Activate button at the bottom on right side. We need to define everything from scratch. The screen shot of a blank project is as follows: Simple Process Project This kind of project will give us a template of a flowchart which consists of diagram of sequence of activities.

It is basically used to assess any user working on the system. The screen shot of Agent Process Improvement projects is as follows: Robotic Enterprise Frameworks Project Such kind of project is used to create a transactional business process that follows the best practice for large deployments.

In other words, if you want to use states in your project, then use Robotic Enterprise Frameworks. For example, clicking the mouse is an activity. Sequence It refers to the series of activities doing a meaningful task.

For example, logging into email is a sequence in UiPath. We shall also see how these components work and their functionalities. Let us understand the working of different components of UiPath studio interface in detail. Tabs The Ribbon panel has the following four tabs: Start tab With the help of the start tab, we can create a new project or open an existing project. Following screen shot will give an insight of Start tab of ribbon panel.

We can manage variables and access wizards under this tab. The following screen shot will give an insight of the Design tab: Execute Tab With the help of this tab we can stop or run projects, we can start debug process also. It gives us the option to slow down the steps as well as log opening. The following screen shot will give an insight of the Execute tab: Setup Tab This tab gives us the option to publish a project or create a shortcut of project.

We can also schedule a task and install extension with this tab. The following screen shot gives an insight of the Execute tab. It is located by default on the title bar and above the ribbon. One of the features of quick access toolbar is that we can easily move it below the ribbon by clicking the option Show Below the Ribbon.

We can call it time saving toolbar because it provides the shortcuts for the most used commands and even we can easily add new ones to it by right-clicking a desired button and selecting the option named Add to Quick Access Toolbar. It is located at the top in right side just below Minimize, Restore and Close buttons. It basically allows us to look for anything that is contained in libraries, activities, project and designer panel.

The following screen shot gives an insight of The Quick Access Toolbar. The Designer Panel If you want to display and make changes to your current project, The Designer Panel is the one that enables you to do so. Besides, it also provides a quick access to variables, arguments and imports at bottom. We can also navigate within a diagram by double clicking the activity in The Designer Panel.

It also displays the path in its header. This chapter is a continuation of the previous one and will talk about further user interface components of UiPath in detail. The Activities Panel This panel is on the left side of UiPath studio and has all the small tasks or activities.

These tasks or activities can be easily added to the current project by drag and drop. It also provides a search box for quick access. Expand all and collapse all options gives user flexibility to show and hide all the activities at once. With the help of Show Activities list, we can even show or hide Favorite, Recent, Available and Compatibility folders of activity. Similar to other panels on the interface it also has the options of Float, Dock, Auto Hide and Dock as document.

The following screen shot will give an insight of The Quick Access Toolbar: In the above screen shot you can notice the activity panel. The Library Panel The library panel permits us to reuse automation. We have some Samples as well as Snippets in library panel which can be reused.

It also provides a search box for finding the items faster. Expand all and Collapse all options gives user flexibility to show and hide at once. Like other panels on the interface it also has the options of Float, Dock, Auto Hide and Dock as document. When we start UiPath, the library pane is collapsed and we need to click on it to get all the options. We can also explore the files in current project folder with the help of one click on file explorer option in project panel.

It has quick navigation link to the team tab so that we can connect to the source control. When we start UiPath, the Project pane is collapsed and we need to click on it to get all the options. It enables us to view and change the properties of a selected activity or task.

In other words, we can say that handling of configuration like setting the output of a particular activity or task is done in the properties panel. The following screen shot will give an insight of the Property panel: The Outline Panel The Outline Panel is just below the properties panel in right side of UiPath studio. As the name suggests, it provides the project hierarchy along with all the variables and nodes.

We can also highlight any activity or task in this panel by selecting that activity or task in the Designer panel. We can also select any specific activity or task in this panel itself. It can display lines at a time. It shows all the variables that are in the scope of the currently running activity or task.

We can also track the usage of variables during execution and can see their values while they change as well. To make Context Menu appear, we need to right click an activity or task inside our workflow.

The condition is that the activity must be a child activity. In this chapter, you will learn various keyboard shortcuts in UiPath Studio and their customization techniques in detail. Such tasks can also be done through menu, pointing devices or via a command line interface etc. It will save the currently open workflow. Additionally, it will execute the first activity also. The workflow can be in normal or debug mode. It will copy the selected activity or task one or many to the clipboard.

It will paste the copied activity or task one or many inside the selected item. It is quite an amazing feature of UiPath studio that we can customize these shortcut keys or we can create our own keyboard shortcuts.

Important points to remember for keyboard shortcuts customization It is very easy to customize keyboard shortcut keys. UiPath studio stores all of them in an. You can edit this file in Notepad. Steps for Keyboard Shortcuts Customization In order to customize keyboard shortcuts, we need to follow these steps: Step1: First, we need to close the UiPath studio if it is open.

Step2: Now, open the keyboardmappings. Step4: At last we need to save and close the keyboardmappings. We need to look for the keyboard shortcut for web recording toolbar as shown in the screenshot. This chapter explains how to work with automation projects in UIPath and their debugging methods. Introduction UiPath studio provides a complete software solution with the help of which we can automate repetitive and boring back office tasks.

It makes our work fast and easy by converting those tedious tasks into UI automation. Working with Automation Projects in UiPath Studio Let us discuss about steps that should be followed for making automation projects in UiPath studio along with an example for the same.

As discussed earlier about types of projects in UiPath studio, we can choose any of the project types based on our requirements. This folder consists of the following files: Main.

It is created automatically when we choose a project. But all these files must be connected to Main. In this example, the automation project will ask for the name of user and then greet the user with the name. The steps are as follows: Step1: First, we need to open UiPath studio. It will display the UiPath studio interface with workflow for your project as follows:. Step4: Now, we need to provide activity. Input Dialog can be searched from Activity panel and drag into the Sequence activity as follows: Step 6: Input dialog has two fields: Title and Label.

It will show a dialog box as follows: Now write your name and press OK button, it will greet you as follows: What is Automation Debugging? Debugging is one of the fundamental elements of automation and programming which may be defined as the process of identifying and removing errors from a given project.

UiPath studio has a debug component that helps us to find and locate problems easily in complex workflows. In other words, we can say that UiPath studio debugging component is a powerful functionality that makes us sure that our project is error-free by providing us the information about our project with step-by-step highlighting. We can find all the functions of Debugging under Execute tab. We can check validity of our UiPath automation project, before debugging, by clicking the Validate tab under Execute tab.

It basically enables us to pause the execution of a project. Once you trigger a breakpoint, you can stop it by clicking Stop. Go to next step of debugging by clicking Step over or continue the debugging process by clicking Continue Debug. You can use it when debugging is in progress. You can use it when debugging is paused. Whenever you click on this action, the speed gets changed by one step.

This is similar to Step Into but without having to pause the debugging process. You can use it before or during the debugging process. We have following under Option tab: o Highlight elements: If you check and enable this option then UI elements will be highlighted during debugging. Steps for Performing Automation Debugging We can follow some steps to perform debugging of an automated project: Step1: Open the project you want to debug. Step2: It is recommended to do the validation before debugging.

Click on the Validate tab under Execute tab. The following screenshot shows the validation of our automated project of greeting a user by name, implemented as an example recently in this chapter: It displays the above message because there was no validation error. Now we can start debugging. Now, click on the Debug button or F7 key under Execute tab to start debugging your project.

You can also choose from various functions of debugging as discussed above. One way to do this is to make visual workflow automation straightforward and intuitive. UiPath is providing automated workflow design which can be used without programming knowledge. Layout Diagrams We can integrate activities into workflow design while developing a workflow file using Layout diagram.

UiPath basically provides us the following three layout diagrams with the help of which we can integrate activities into workflow design: Flowchart A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process in which each step is represented by different symbols connected with arrows.

Flowchart is one of the best among the three layout diagrams of UiPath workflow because it is flexible and tend to lay out a workflow in two-dimensional manner. They can showcase decision points within a process very efficiently owing to their visual appeal. Sequence Mostly used layout diagram in UiPath workflow design is sequence. A sequence is a simple linear representation that generally flows from top to bottom, and tells the order in which commands are to be executed.

Sequences are best in simple scenarios when activities pursue each other. The most important thing about sequence is that they are very simple and easy to understand. Recall that We have performed the project of greeting by name in the previous chapter by using sequence as activity.

State Machine State machine is a complex structure that stores the status of something at a given point of time. It can be finite or infinite in nature. State machine are represented by using state diagrams or in other words they are flowcharts with conditional arrows called transitions. Structures like state machines are best suited for a standard high-level process diagram of transactional business process templates. Type of Decisions Decision, the action or process of deciding something, is another very important part of workflow design.

It is the decision that enables the Robot to react differently in various conditions in data processing and application interaction. Visual structure and readability of a workflow are very important and type of decision chosen would have a big impact on the same. Related with real life situations, the if activity has one statement and two conditions namely Then and Else.

It is also useful to categorize data according to a custom number of cases. For example, we can use switch case to store data into multiple excel sheets. The execution will depend upon whether the specified condition is met or not.

We can change the names of the branches in the Properties panel. Robots will pick those steps and run without human direction in any environment. It can also work when human triggers the process. This tool is a web-based application. It is a centralized platform for all the robots to manage. Hosting Options: It can be hosted in cloud environments or virtual terminals. Application Compatibility: Offers a high range of applications to work with, which includes web and desktop applications.

Centralized repository: This feature helps for handling all the robots simultaneously by users. Advanced screen scraping solution: Scraping solution that works with any application like,.

Reliable tool for modeling business processes: The UiPath studio offers automation excellence with the help of model business processes. Click on get community edition button. Step 4 You will receive a mail below. Click on download community edition your download will begin.

UiPath has GUI which consist of multiple panels. It offers easier access to specific functionalities. Start — It helps in to create any new project or to open a previously created task. Design — It offers all the options to create or launch any sequences, flowcharts or, access wizards and, manage variables.

Execute —It will help in running or stop any projects. Before starting the debug process, it will slow down steps and open logs. Setup — To publish a project or create a shortcut for it, schedule tasks, and install extensions. The Universal Search bar allows the user to search for anything contained in the libraries, activities, project and the Designer panels. The Activities Panel: The Activities panel allows quick access to all available activities that can be dragged to the current project.

The Library Panel: The Library panel allows you to reuse automation. A search box is also given to find items faster. The Project Panel: The Project panel allows to view the contents of the current project and open the file location in a Windows Explorer. Step 4 This opens a small window having an icon to record as below.

Click on the Record button. Step 5 Once this icon is clicked, you will see the cursor turning into hand icon and the entire screen turning into blue and highlighting all icons around it as shown below. Step 6 Perform the manual tasks that you want to automate. Step 8 Then click on the run icon. UiPath would repeat back the recorded actions. This is a basic way to create small automation robots. UiPath has lots of advance features to create more complex robots.

We have many automation tools already the market like Selenium, Waite.



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